Ill-Suited Lease Forms Cost Tenants

Strip mall or single-tenant building landlords often rely on pre-printed lease forms in an effort to keep costs down and simplify leasing. For some properties this works well enough, but only where the type of tenants are well suited to the lease form. Many landlords attempt to use an industrial tenant lease form for a restaurant, for example, or a single-tenant lease form for a multi-tenant building, resulting in an ill-fitted lease where the tenant suffers. In an industrial tenant lease, such as the AIR Industrial/Commercial Tenant Lease form, the tenant typically pays for any malfunction or failure of the HVAC system after the first 6 months of the Lease, and all "other elements" of the premises after 30 days. In addition, this form requires the tenant to share in the cost prorata of any capital improvement for the entire Project or Building. Particularly if this is small strip mall with two or three tenants, this cost could be enough to put the tenant out of business. Similarly, in a single-tenant lease form, the tenant is often required to replace and maintain all of the building systems, roof, exterior of the building, etc. Tenants of a multi-tenant building with shared building systems, roof and building exterior should share such maintenance and typically, the Landlord would replace such items (perhaps with the cost amortized over the useful life) and pass portions of the cost through to all of the tenants annually. An inappropriate Lease form could easily cost a tenant thousands of dollars over the lease term.

Key Issues Regarding Tenant Improvements

Most commercial leases require some level of costruction or remodeling to make the leased premises suitable for the tenant.  The following are some key issues to consider when entering into a lease that requires construction or remideling:

  • What type of shell is being delivered? Is the Landlord going to demolish the prior tenant's build-out? If so, is the Landlord delivering the space vanilla shell or build-to-suit? Does the lease contain detailed descriptions of the scope of each party's required work?
  • Tenant Improvement Allowance: How much, how and when is it paid, is it enough? If the tenant does not use the full TI allowance, can Tenant keep the unused amount?
  • Does the TI Allowance cover architecture and engineering fees, or just contractors, subcontractors and materials?
  • Can the tenant keep any of the existing improvements of the prior tenant (i.e., the HVAC unit)?
  • What type of Landlord review of Tenant plans is required? When are plans due to the Landlord? How long does the Landlord have to review them before getting back to the Tenant?
  • Does Tenant's construction have to be completed by a certain time? If so, are there penalties incurred if not completed by this deadline?
  • Does the Landlord get paid an administrative fee to review the construction (frequently 15%)? Is the Landlord paid an additional fee to review plans?
  • Is the Tenant required to use union labor?
  • Is the Tenant required to get its general contractor approved in advance or does the Landlord get to choose the contractor?
  • Does the Tenant Improvement Allowance have to be paid back to the Landlord if there is any default under the Lease? If so, is it a full reimbursement or is it amortized over the lease term?